1. Installation of wooden door and window glass
(1) Before installing the glass, the dirt inside the groove should be removed thoroughly, and a 1~3mm thick bottom ash should be evenly applied along the entire length of the groove, and the flat glass should be pushed until oil spills.
(2) After the wooden frame and fan glass are installed, they should be fixed with nails or wooden strips, with a distance of no more than 300mm and no less than two nails on each side.
(3) If putty is used to fix it, it should be applied again, and the putty should be filled and polished along the groove to make it integrated with the original putty. Cut the putty surface along the glass groove and smooth it with a scraper. The oily surface usually needs to be dried for more than a week before painting. If wooden battens are used for fixation, they should be coated with dry oil first. Before installing the pressure strip, fully apply the putty that has been laid first; Make sure there are no gaps under it, and then use needles or wooden screws or small screws to fix the pressure strip. Be careful not to press the glass too tightly.
(4) When assembling colored glass and embossed glass, they should comply with the design and the joints should match without misalignment.
(5) During winter construction, glass transported from cold to warm areas should not be installed until it warms up.
2. Steel door and window glass installation
(1) Before installing steel door and window glass, check whether the steel door and window sash are flat and whether the reserved holes for installing steel wire clamps are complete and accurate. If the steel door and window sash is twisted or deformed, and the holes for installing the steel wire card do not meet the requirements, the holes should be corrected and supplemented to ensure installation quality. The exposed ends of the steel wire card should be cut off.
(2) Install steel frames and fan glass. Fix them with steel wire clips, with a spacing of no more than 300mm and no less than two on each side. Some also apply a putty surface layer on the steel wire card to increase sealing.
(3) If fixed with putty, the putty should be filled and polished. If using a rubber pad, it should be inserted into my mouth first and fixed with pressure strips and screws.
(4) If using pressure strips for fixation, pressure strips are usually added on four or both sides. The sealing material mainly uses sealant.
(5) When assembling colored glass and patterned glass, they should match the design pattern and not be misaligned, skewed, or loose. The orientation of the glass should meet the design requirements.
(6) Do a good job of cleaning after installation.
3. Installation of inclined ceiling window frames and fan glass in industrial plants
(1) Usually, the inclined ceiling window frames and fans in industrial factories use wired glass.
(2) The inclined skylight glass should be installed with overlapping covers in the direction of water flow, and its overlapping length: the slope of the inclined skylight should be greater than 25% and not less than 30mm; Slope<25%, not less than 50mm.
(3) The overlap should be fixed with steel wire clamps, and oil ropes should be placed in the gaps of the overlap, and anti rust putty should be used to fill tightly.
(4) When welding, cutting, sandblasting and other operations may damage the glass, attention should be paid to protection, and sparks, sand, etc. are strictly prohibited from splashing onto the glass.
4. Installation of glass bricks for enclosure walls, partitions, and ceilings
(1) Before installation, check whether the framework and structure of the enclosure wall, partition, and ceiling are firmly connected with glass bricks, and whether there is an appropriate amount of gap between the top surface of the partition frame and the structure (floor) to avoid slight settlement or deformation of the structure and crushing of the glass bricks.
(2) Glass installation should be arranged evenly and neatly, with a flat surface; The putty or adhesive for caulking should be full and dense.
(3) When installing Frosted glass and embossed glass, the ground surface of Frosted glass should face indoors, and the pattern of embossed glass should face outdoors.
(4) When installing tempered glass in the enclosure structures of staircases and balconies (also known as river barriers, see Chapter 2 of this chapter), clamping screws or zone strips should be used to embed and fix them. The connection between the glass and the metal frame of the enclosure structure should be lined with rubber or plastic pads.
Precautions for installation and construction
During construction, special attention should be paid to the installation of several types of special glass.
1. Installation of embossed glass
(1) The embossed surface is easy to win and becomes transparent through water, making it visible. Therefore, the embossed surface should be installed indoors and selected according to the conditions of the place of use.
(2) Diamond shaped and square embossed glass is equivalent to a block shaped lens that can be seen from close to the glass, so it should be selected according to the location of use.
2. Installation of wired glass
(1) When wire glass is cut, the cut part is prone to ring. The strength of the cut part is about sixteen times that of ordinary glass, so it is more prone to thermal fracture than ordinary glass.
(2) The surface of the wire mesh of laminated glass is specially treated and generally not prone to rusting. The cuttable part is not treated, so it is prone to rust when exposed to water. In severe cases, due to volume expansion, cracking may occur in the cut section, reducing the strength of the edges, which is the cause of thermal fracture.
3. Installation of insulating glass
(1) The outdoor side of the insulating glass (usually tempered glass) is bonded to the window frame and fan using an organic silicone adhesive made of silicone rubber resin and organic matter; Insert a rubber strip towards the indoor side and fix it with screws. This not only prevents the glass from loosening, but also prevents water leakage from the gaps between the window frame and the glass.
(2) The middle of the insulating glass is dry air or vacuum. When used as a window, there will be no water vapor or dew in the middle, and the noise can be reduced by half. It has good insulation, heat insulation, and sound insulation effects. Therefore, special attention should be paid to avoiding scratches during the installation process to prevent affecting the functional effectiveness.
(3) The selection of the thickness of the original glass sheet and the large usage specifications mainly depends on the wind pressure load in the usage state. The selection conditions for the thickness and size of insulated glass installed vertically and fixed around are:
① The average wind pressure that glass can withstand with a small thickness (the wind pressure that double-layer insulating glass can withstand is 1.5 times that of single-layer glass).
② The large average wind pressure does not exceed the strength of the glass in use.
③ The average wind pressure that glass can withstand in large sizes.
acceptance of work
1、 Quality requirements
（1） Material quality requirements
(1) The variety, specifications, and color of glass and glass bricks should meet the design requirements; The quality should comply with relevant material standards.
(2) The putty is mixed with natural flat oil such as cooked tung oil, and the putty mixed with other materials must pass the test before use.
(3) The putty should be plastic, not broken or pitted when embedded, and should harden within 20 days at room temperature. The putty used for steel door and window glass should have rust resistance. The mix ratio of on-site mixed putty: calcium carbonate powder: mixed oil=100:13-14, where the mix ratio of mixed oil: third line dewaxed oil: cooked tung oil: stearic oil: rosin=63:30:2.1:4.9
(4) The cutting edge of wire glass should be brushed with anti rust paint.
(5) The variety, specifications, cross-sectional dimensions, colors, physical and chemical properties of the inlay strips, positioning pads and spacers, filling materials, sealants, etc. used for inlay should meet the design requirements. The hardness of the synthetic rubber positioning pad and spacer (preferably chloroprene rubber) is 80-90 degrees Shore hardness and 45-55 degrees Shore hardness, respectively.
(6) When the above materials are used together, their material properties must be compatible with each other. When installing insulating glass or laminated glass, the above materials must be compatible with the sealant of insulating glass or the laminated material of glass in terms of material properties.
（2） Engineering quality requirements
(1) The installed glass should be flat, firm, and free from looseness;
(2) The putty and glass, as well as the cutting edge, should be firmly adhered, with four corners forming an octagonal shape, and the surface should not have cracks, pits, or wrinkles;
(3) The edges of the putty in contact with the glass and cutting edge should be flush, and nails and steel wire clips should not expose the surface of the putty;
(4) The contact between the wooden bead and the glass should be flush with the edge of the cutting edge. The wooden battens should be tightly connected to each other and closely attached to the cutting edge;
(5) The contact between the sealing strip and the glass or glass groove should be tight and flat, and should not be exposed outside the glass groove; Use rubber pads to inlay glass, and the rubber pads should be tightly attached to the cutting edge, glass, and pressure strip, and should not be exposed outside any strip; The sealant should be firmly bonded to the edges of glass and glass grooves, and the joints should be flush;
(6) The glass bricks installed on walls, partitions, and ceilings should not be displaced, warped, or loose, and their joints should be uniform, straight, and dense;
(7) The joints of splicing colored glass and embossed glass should match, and the color and pattern should meet the design requirements.
Installation and Construction of Fenhe River
1、 Setting and installation of river blocking columns
（1） Staircase glass railing river
The glass fence adopts tempered glass, tempered laminated glass or wired glass, which is not only a decorative component, but also can bear the load of use. Therefore, tempered glass is used instead of commonly used metal poles. From this perspective alone, the glass railing of ordinary stairs generally does not have columns in the middle of the river.
However, in order to consider the edge closure of the glass railing, as well as the role of protecting the railing and strengthening the handrails, sometimes columns are also installed on the * * glass block or * * glass block of the staircase glass blocking the river. The columns are mostly made of the same material as the handrails, and the decorative style of the staircase is still considered.
（2） Multi layer running horse river glass barrier
For multi-layer racecourse glass river barriers, whether to set up river barrier columns should be determined based on the materials and environment used, and after calculation. Especially when used in public places with frequent crowds of people, sufficient attention should be paid. The glass barrier often has many people supporting, leaning, pulling, and pushing, especially when there is a music fountain spraying water. There are many observers on the railing, and in some parts, there are even multiple layers of people crowded to watch. Considering the occurrence of accidents, it should be considered to add a column with the same material as the handrail every few blocks (3-5 blocks) depending on the length of the glass in the longer part of the glass fence. The spacing between columns should be equal and the number of columns should be symmetrical.
2、 Construction precautions
(1) After installing the armrest, pay attention to protection. Due to the heavy welding workload, the construction of glass river railings is often carried out earlier. And glass installation is only carried out after the civil construction is basically completed. During the interval between installing the armrest and installing the glass, due to mutual interference between different types of work, it is possible to cause deformation or surface damage to the armrest. So, it is necessary to protect the surface of the armrest. When the handrail is long, the lateral bending of the handrail should be considered, and temporary columns should be added at appropriate locations to shorten its length and reduce deformation. If the deformation is large, it is generally difficult to straighten.
(2) The glass barrier at the multi story horse racing gallery often creates a sense of insecurity when people lean against it due to its height. Therefore, the height of the handrail in this area should be higher than that of the staircase handrail, and the appropriate height should be around 1.1-1.2m.
(3) Stainless steel and copper pipe handrails often have various oil stains or debris adhered to their surfaces, which can affect their glossiness to a certain extent. So, in addition to cleaning before handover, polishing is generally necessary.